In this globalization era, there have been drastic changes taking place all over the world. These tremendous vicissitudes occur when people have a strong desire to achieve something. People's desires are fulfilled when they clearly express their ideas and opinions with others. Thus, they need to learn communication skills in order to fulfill their ambitions, desires, and goals. In this modern world, communication skills play a vital role and one must have mastery over these skills to get success in their respective fields. So, speaking is the most important skill among all the four language skills in order to communicate well in this global world. As English is widely used all over the world, there is a need for learners to acquire the communication skills of it to get success in their respective fields. Thus, the classroom is the ideal platform to acquire good communication skills, especially, speaking skills. The teachers have to understand the problems of the ELLs (English language learners) and try to implement various teaching strategies in their classrooms in order to develop their learners' speaking skills in English classrooms. This is possible for the teachers when they change their methods and materials and by using the latest techniques of teaching speaking skills. Therefore, the teachers should introduce some group and pair activities in their regular English classrooms that the ELLs can develop their speaking skills enormously. This paper sheds light on the importance of speaking skills in English classrooms. First of all, this paper discloses the significance of the basic language skills of English. Later, this paper also explains the importance of speaking skills in English classrooms in a comprehensive way. It also explains the need to teach speaking skills. Then the kinds of speaking situations and the main advantages of speaking skills are explained elaborately. Furthermore, this paper also supplies several techniques to develop speaking skills among the EFL/ESL learners in the English classrooms. Finally, this paper suggests some useful tips for the teachers to introduce various activities that involve the ELLs more on practicing their speaking skills in English classrooms. Moreover, it also suggests the ELLs improve their speaking skills as these are very useful for them to build their future career in a perfect way.

Fig: The Basic Language Skills of English

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Alford Council of International English & Literature Journal(ACIELJ)

Impact Factor:4.401(SJIF) An International Peer-Reviewed English Journal

www.acielj.com Vol-2,Issue-2 ,2019 ISSN:2581-6500

Indexed In: Citefactor Indexing and Directory of Research Journal Indexing (DRJI) and Google Scholar

___________________________________________________________________________

Alford Council of Interantional English & Literature Journal(ACIELJ) Copyright VS Publications Page 6

THE IMPORTANCE OF SPEAKING SKILLS IN ENGLISH CLASSROOMS

__________________________________________________________________________

PARUPALLI SRINIVAS RAO

Lecturer in English,

English Language Centre, King Faisal University,

Al-Hasa, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia

___________________________________________________________________________

Abstract

In this globalization era, there have been drastic changes

taking place all over the world. These tremendous vicissitudes

occur when people have a strong desire to achieve something.

People's desires are fulfilled when they clearly express their

ideas and opinions with others. Thus, they need to learn

communication skills in order to fulfill their ambitions, desires, and goals. In this modern

world, communication skills play a vital role and one must have mastery over these skills to

get success in their respective fields. So, speaking is the most important skill among all the

four language skills in order to communicate well in this global world. As English is widely

used all over the world, there is a need for learners to acquire the communication skills of it

to get success in their respective fields. Thus, the classroom is the ideal platform to acquire

good communication skills, especially, speaking skills. The teachers have to understand the

problems of the ELLs (English language learners) and try to implement various teaching

strategies in their classrooms in order to develop their learners' speaking skills in English

classrooms. This is possible for the teachers when they change their methods and materials

and by using the latest techniques of teaching speaking skills. Therefore, the teachers should

introduce some group and pair activities in their regular English classrooms that the ELLs can

develop their speaking skills enormously.This paper sheds light on the importance of

speaking skills in English classrooms. First of all, this paper discloses the significance of the

basic language skills of English. Later, this paper also explains the importance of speaking

skills in English classrooms in a comprehensive way. It also explains the need to teach

speaking skills. Then the kinds of speaking situations and the main advantages of speaking

skills are explained elaborately. Furthermore, this paper also supplies several techniques to

develop speaking skills among the EFL/ESL learners in the English classrooms. Finally, this

paper suggests some useful tips for the teachers to introduce various activities that involve the

ELLs more on practicing their speaking skills in English classrooms. Moreover, it also

suggests the ELLs improve their speaking skills as these are very useful for them to build

their future career in a perfect way.

VS Publications

Alford Council of International English & Literature Journal(ACIELJ)

Impact Factor:4.401(SJIF) An International Peer-Reviewed English Journal

www.acielj.com Vol-2,Issue-2 ,2019 ISSN:2581-6500

Indexed In: Citefactor Indexing and Directory of Research Journal Indexing (DRJI) and Google Scholar

___________________________________________________________________________

Alford Council of Interantional English & Literature Journal(ACIELJ) Copyright VS Publications Page 7

Keywords: activities; communication; English classrooms; ELLs; speaking skills; strategies.

Introduction

The Importance of the English Language

In these modern days, the whole world has become a global village and people

communicate with each other in a common language, i.e. English. The English language is

spoken all over the world and it has attained the status of the global language. English is the

language widely used in the field of scientific research, education, business, the internet,

travel and tourism, media and newspapers, software, medicine, engineering, information and

technology, entertainment, banking and so on. English is the language that is used mostly for

business correspondence and internet purposes. It is the only major language used in writing

scientific research articles as more than 85% of the research publications are in English. It is

the international language used for trade and commerce. Even in the IT field also, most of the

programmes are written in English and even they communicate with their colleagues or other

software professionals those who work around the world in English. Furthermore, most of the

books related to higher education are published in English. Due to several advantages of

English, many people are learning the English language to attain fruitful results in their

respective fields.

The Basic Language Skills of English

As English serves the purpose of international communication, most of the foreign

language learners try to learn it. In this process, they have to acquire all the four basic skills

of the language, viz. listening, speaking, reading and writing. Listening and reading are

passive skills or receptive skills, whereas, speaking and writing are active skills or productive

skills.

Fig: The Basic Language Skills of English

Active or Productive Skills

Speaking Writing

Passive or Receptive Skills

Listening Reading

Language Skills

Passive or Receptive Active or Productive

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Alford Council of International English & Literature Journal(ACIELJ)

Impact Factor:4.401(SJIF) An International Peer-Reviewed English Journal

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Alford Council of Interantional English & Literature Journal(ACIELJ) Copyright VS Publications Page 8

Listening and reading are considered to be passive or receptive skills as the learners

do not show their talent in exhibiting these skills. They just listen to the language or read it

without producing anything. Whereas, the learners have to produce sentences on their own

and they need a lot of practice and learn many things related to grammar, vocabulary,

sentence structure and usage. Therefore, speaking and writing are considered to be active or

productive skills.

The Importance of Speaking Skills

In the present global world, communication plays a vital role in getting success in all

fields. Language is used as a tool for communication. Perfect communication is not possible

for people without using a language. Moreover, people cannot achieve their aims, objectives,

and goals without using proper language to communicate. Therefore, there is a need for a

language to communicate with others those who live all around the globe. As English is

considered the international language and it is spoken all over the world, it serves the purpose

of communicating with the people who live in different regions, states, countries, and

continents of the world.

Speaking skill is the most important skill to acquire foreign or second language

learning. Among the four key language skills, speaking is deemed to be the most important

skill in learning a foreign or second language. Brown and Yuke (1983) say, "Speaking is the

skill that the students will be judged upon most in real life situations". Regardless of its

importance, teaching speaking skills have been undervalued and most of the EFL/ESL

teachers have been continuing their teaching of speaking skills just as memorization of

dialogues or repetition of drills. Nevertheless, the modern world demands for the requirement

of communication skills for the learners and the English teachers have to teach the ELLs the

needed skills so that they will improve their abilities in speaking and perform well in real-life

situations. In the present EFL/ESL teaching environment, oral skills are completely neglected

whereas employability depends more on communication than technology. As very less

priority has been given to the important elements of language such as phonological,

morphological, semantic and syntactic aspects, it has become a major impediment for the

ELLs to acquire the speaking skills among the learners of English. So far, more concentration

has been given to reading and writing skills. After realizing the importance of oral

communication skills, more emphasis is now laid on developing the speaking skills of the

learners to pursue their studies successfully and excel in their fields once they finish their

education. Moreover, English is the language of getting opportunities for employment and

getting success to achieve the desired goals in life.

According to Bueno, Madrid, and Mclaren (2006: 321), "Speaking is one of the most

difficult skills language learners have to face. Speaking is considered the most important of

the four language skills of English. Even the learners learn the language for so many years;

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Alford Council of International English & Literature Journal(ACIELJ)

Impact Factor:4.401(SJIF) An International Peer-Reviewed English Journal

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Indexed In: Citefactor Indexing and Directory of Research Journal Indexing (DRJI) and Google Scholar

___________________________________________________________________________

Alford Council of Interantional English & Literature Journal(ACIELJ) Copyright VS Publications Page 9

they find it difficult to speak in real time situations when it is demanded. There are many

reasons to overcome this. First of all, the ELLs should understand the importance of speaking

skills and try to acquire them as they need them to compete in this competitive world.

Among the four basic skills of the English language, speaking seems to be difficult

because the speakers have to produce sentences on the spur of the moment. It is quite difficult

for foreign or second language learners to produce sentences without learning the

grammatical structures and having proper knowledge of adequate vocabulary. Therefore, the

English language learners of EFL/ESL face many problems in speaking grammatical

sentences in English. Since speaking skills play a dominant role in communication, people try

to learn these skills in order to communicate well with the entire community all around the

world.

Moreover, these speaking skills are also useful for learners when they have to settle

down well in their professions. In the modern world, it has become quite common to prove

the candidates' talents at the time of their job interviews and many of the selections are based

on the performance of the interview. The job aspirants have to participate and prove

themselves in debates and group discussions where the performance or oral communication

skills of the candidates are primarily measured. Besides, the professionals have to give oral

presentations as they have to promote the products or their companies or give training to the

other colleagues. Furthermore, an effective speaker can inspire the audience a lot and gain the

complete attention of the audience and maintain the same tempo until the end of his/her

speech. So the audience involves completely in the speaker's speech and they sometimes

forget the real world and put their complete concentration on the speech. So, speaking skills

play a vital role as everything depends on the way how people communicate their messages

with others.

Fig: The Importance of Speaking Skills

Speaking skills are the most essential skills for all the learners who wish to learn

English to enhance their career, improve business, build confidence levels, get better job

opportunities, make public speeches, attend interviews, participate in debates and group

Spea

king

Skill

s

Intervi

ews Debat

es

Group

Discu

ssions

Publi

c

Speec

hes

Career

Devel

opmen

t

Sound

Busine

ss

Relati

onship

Highe

r

Confi

dence

Level

s

Better

Job

Opport

unities

Presen

tations

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Alford Council of International English & Literature Journal(ACIELJ)

Impact Factor:4.401(SJIF) An International Peer-Reviewed English Journal

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Indexed In: Citefactor Indexing and Directory of Research Journal Indexing (DRJI) and Google Scholar

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Alford Council of Interantional English & Literature Journal(ACIELJ) Copyright VS Publications Page 10

discussions, give presentations and so on. In the present modern world, everything is linked

with speaking skills. One who has good talent in speaking can conquer the whole world.

Having good communication is the passport to get better employment opportunities. In the

modern interviews, the real talent of the job aspirants is tested through their performance in

group discussions, debates, presentation skills and so on. Therefore, job seekers have to

acquire good oral communication skills in order to grab better opportunities. Once the

learners practice these speaking skills in their EFL/ESL classrooms, they get the mastery of

these skills and perform well in the activities in and outside their classrooms. Let us discuss

the purpose of teaching speaking skills in English classrooms.

Why are Speaking Skills taught in English classrooms?

In this global world, there is a need to share our ideas and thoughts with the people

who live around the world in order to fulfill our desires and deeds. This is a competitive

world and each and every English language learner wants to improve his/her speaking skills

to sustain in this global market. Moreover, most of the selections in getting jobs depend on

the communication skills of the individuals, especially, their speaking skills. The interviewers

also recognize the talent of the individuals in the form of speaking skills within a short period

of time. The job seekers those who can prove their skills at that particular moment will be

occupying the best places in their career. Moreover, these speaking skills are also useful for

professionals to develop their career. In addition to this, these speaking skills are more useful

for the employees those who are working in business organizations to promote their

businesses. It is also a known fact that excellent, outstanding and inspiring speakers highly

motivate and win the hearts of the audience. As speaking skills play a vital role in many

aspects, there is a need for EFL/ESL learners to concentrate more on them. Furthermore, the

teachers are advised to implement several useful strategies in their classrooms in order to

involve the learners more on learning speaking skills in their English classrooms.

With an ounce of regular practice, it is sure that the ELLs can immensely develop

their speaking skills. Then they can perform well in the classroom discussions and debates

and gradually develop their speaking skills. They will be in a position to give presentations

on their own by leaving all the fears that they had in their minds. With regular practice of

these skills, they can deliver short speeches also in the classrooms. Moreover, they build self-

confidence among themselves and become stronger in decision-making and problem-solving.

The learners can also develop sound business relationships with the other business partners

and promote their businesses well. Furthermore, the ELLs show better performance in their

job interviews so that they will get the best opportunities to settle down well in their career.

They can also work well with their colleagues and try to develop their own career. Therefore,

speaking skills play a pivotal role in developing the ELLs' overall performance.

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Alford Council of International English & Literature Journal(ACIELJ)

Impact Factor:4.401(SJIF) An International Peer-Reviewed English Journal

www.acielj.com Vol-2,Issue-2 ,2019 ISSN:2581-6500

Indexed In: Citefactor Indexing and Directory of Research Journal Indexing (DRJI) and Google Scholar

___________________________________________________________________________

Alford Council of Interantional English & Literature Journal(ACIELJ) Copyright VS Publications Page 11

Three Kinds of Speaking Situations

Fig: Three Kinds of Speaking Situations

The speakers expressed their opinion in a thoughtful, convincing and passionate way

through speaking skills. There are three kinds of speaking situations such as interactive,

partially-interactive and non-interactive. Telephone calls and face-to-face conversations are

included in interactive speaking situations where speaking and listening are alternatives in

English. In the interactive speaking situations, there will be a chance to ask for repetition,

clarification or request for a slower speech from the conversation partner. Therefore,

interactive speaking situations are more useful situations both for the speaker and the listener

as they can understand the matter without having any further doubts. Whereas in partially

interactive situations, a speech is given to the live audience and the audience does not

interrupt the speaker's speech. In partially interactive conversations, the speaker can directly

see the audience and also judge from their facial expressions and gestures whether the

participants have understood his/her speech or not. Here the audience can clarify their doubts

through the question and answer (Q & A) session that generally takes place at the end of the

speech presentation. On contrary to these two, in non-interactive speaking situations, there

will not be any interaction of the audience where speakers have to just record their speech for

a radio broadcast. In all these situations, speaking is a major problem for the ELLs as it

involves many things and it is not so simple to acquire good speaking skills in a day or two.

Moreover, the ELLs have to do continuous practice and allot more time on speaking skills as

they are quite difficult to acquire without proper practice. Therefore, the best way to improve

the ELLs' speaking skills is by giving more emphasis on practicing the speaking skills both

in and outside the classrooms.

The Advantages of Speaking Skills

Even if there are four other skills in the English language, speaking skills are the most

effective one among them as a majority of communication is done through speech. Therefore,

speaking skills are the most important method of communication. There is no doubt that

Speaking Situations

Interactive Partially

interactive Non-interactive

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proficiency in each skill is necessary to become a well-rounded communicator, but the ability

to speak skillfully provides the speakers with several distinct advantages. The main

advantages of speaking skills are:

To participate actively in pair or group activities in the classrooms.

To give a maiden and impressive speech on different occasions.

To participate actively in debates and group discussions.

To develop critical thinking among the learners.

To pursue higher studies in foreign countries.

To interact with people all around the globe.

To promote the sale of products in the business.

To make living abroad simpler and easier.

To get better employment opportunities.

To make use of the internet effectively.

To perform well in job interviews.

To acquire more knowledge.

To travel to a foreign country.

To do good international business.

To earn high respect in the society.

To give presentations for all purposes.

To communicate effectively with others.

To increase the income of the individual.

To boost up the speakers' self-confidence.

To know the different cultures of the world.

To interact with people all around the globe.

To keep over cognition and reasoning very sharp.

To get better employment opportunities all over the world.

To increase the ability of problem-solving and critical thinking.

To improve the overall development of the speaker's personality.

To highly motivate and attract the customers in buying the products.

Since there are many advantages of speaking skills, the English teachers should

concentrate more on these skills and give the best priority to them as they are very useful for

the overall development of the ELLs' performance. Thus, the teachers have to think of

various techniques and approaches of speaking skills to develop the learners' oral

communication which is the most essential one in this contemporary world.

How to develop Speaking Skills among the ELLs?

In the existing international market, there is a need to showcase the abilities of

people's oral communication skills as the real success of their talent depends on how they

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Impact Factor:4.401(SJIF) An International Peer-Reviewed English Journal

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Indexed In: Citefactor Indexing and Directory of Research Journal Indexing (DRJI) and Google Scholar

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present their speaking skills and how they convince the others in persuading them. Since

everything depends on motivating and satisfying the listeners, employers, colleagues, co-

learners or customers, speaking skills occupy a major place in all aspects. Therefore, the

EFL/ESL teachers have to understand the present situation in the society and try to impart

these speaking skills among their ELLs by applying the available latest techniques of

teaching speaking skills. In this connection, the teachers have to replace the old-fashioned

methods and approaches with the latest and innovative ones that grab the complete attention

of for the learners to participate actively in these activities that take place in the regular

English classrooms. Moreover, the teachers' burden is reduced when they think positively

about the needs and interests of the ELLs. It is also important that the teachers have to change

their method of teaching i.e. from teacher-centered environment to learner-centered

environment so that the ELLs can get plenty of opportunities to participate in the teaching-

learning activities that go on in the English classrooms. It also leads them to think and work

on their own to complete the given tasks magnificently.

The English teachers have to adopt several techniques to develop the speaking skills

of their learners because some EFL/ESL learners have a deep fear of making mistakes and

some others have just plain shy and this is observed even in the native learners. At this

juncture, English teachers can introduce some fun activities in the form of language games to

get the learners to speak in English classrooms. Generally, most of the learners are interested

in playing games in the classrooms and it is quite common that they ask for more and more

games as they make them happy. When the learners practice these games in a fun

environment, it is sure that they really improve their speaking skills enormously. At the

preliminary stage, the teachers have to introduce fun games like guessing the item that is held

in their wrists. In this connection, the teachers hold something in their wrists and keep the

item as a secret one and the learners have to go on guessing it. Indeed, such types of activities

certainly improve ELLs' speaking skills. As the learners have to just guess the unseen object

and they have their own choice and freedom to express their opinions, they come out with

more options and produce innumerable sentences in a learner-friendly environment.

Therefore, the teachers should introduce such activities in their regular classrooms in order to

involve the ELLS more and improve their speaking skills.

Then the teachers can introduce some activities such as "Speaking about themselves"

by giving their own examples to the classroom. Thus, with the motivation they get from their

teachers, the learners go on speaking about themselves since everything they speak is a fact

that has been already stored in their memory. Then the teachers may extend this activity by

asking the learners to say something about their parents, best books or best friends. Hence,

these activities certainly give a chance to the learners to acquire speaking skills in a pleasant

way.

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Impact Factor:4.401(SJIF) An International Peer-Reviewed English Journal

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Indexed In: Citefactor Indexing and Directory of Research Journal Indexing (DRJI) and Google Scholar

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The EFL/ESL teachers can also introduce brainstorming technique in their classrooms

as it encourages the ELLs to produce more sentences and also try to think of themselves for

getting new ideas about the topic given to them. In this technique, the leaners have complete

freedom to express any point that is related to the topic. As there is no hard and fast rule in

expressing their ideas, automatically the learners will be motivated a lot and try to produce as

many ideas as possible. Therefore, the ESL/EFL teachers should implement this

brainstorming technique in their classrooms in order to involve the ELLs more in the

activities and to develop their speaking skills unconsciously.

Another activity that is more useful for the ELLs to improve their speaking skills is

introducing role-play activities in the classrooms. Role-plays are the best activities to

introduce in the English classrooms to improve the learners' speaking skills in Englis h during

the second stage. The teachers have to form the learners into pairs and give them different

topics to perform in the classroom. The teachers give ten minutes time for preparation and

later they can ask the learners to accomplish the task. The teachers have to motivate and

inspire the learners while they are getting ready for the task. With proper motivation and

constant encouragement, the learners try to perform the given task well and try to speak

grammatical sentences. The English classrooms will be the best platforms for the ELLs to

improve their speaking skills through role-plays as the learners play the roles related to their

daily life situations that take place in contemporary society.

Activities such as pair or group work also enhance the learners' speaking skills

enormously since the learners get an opportunity to share their thoughts and ideas in a

congenial atmosphere. The English teachers have to think of the needs and interests of the

learners while selecting topics for these activities. At this juncture, it is wise to quoteRao S.

P. (2018) who asserts, "While selecting the topics, the teachers have to take into

consideration of the learners' needs and interests that lead the learners to work more on the

given topics with interest and e nthusiasm". Therefore, the teachers have to think more

positively towards learner-centered methods to involve the learners by concentrating more on

the activities related to speaking skills. When learners work in pairs or groups, they work

independently and try to speak more and produce many sentences. This will certainly be

helpful for the ELLs to boost up their confidence levels and inspire them to practice these

speaking skills whenever and wherever they get the opportunity to speak. Therefore, the

teachers have to provide more opportunities for learners to participate actively in pairs or

groups to enhance their speaking skills.

Another activity that the teachers can use in their English classrooms to develop their

ELLs' speaking skills is a story-telling technique. Through this technique, the teachers create

situations and ask the ELLs to continue the story. Then the ELLs think logically and supply

sentences that are relevant to the situation. As the learners have their own choice in giving

responses and selecting the grammatical structures, they try to produce as many sentences as

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Alford Council of International English & Literature Journal(ACIELJ)

Impact Factor:4.401(SJIF) An International Peer-Reviewed English Journal

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Indexed In: Citefactor Indexing and Directory of Research Journal Indexing (DRJI) and Google Scholar

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Alford Council of Interantional English & Literature Journal(ACIELJ) Copyright VS Publications Page 15

possible to complete the story. Moreover, there is no hard and fast rule to eliminate any

points of the children since these stories are purely imaginative, not realistic ones. This

technique encourages all the ELLs to contribute at least one sentence to finish the story

successfully. Therefore, it is the duty of the teachers to encourage their learners to produce as

many sentences as possible so that the learners' oral communication skills, as well as their

power of imagination, will be immensely developed in a pleasant and enjoyable atmosphere.

Another technique to improve the speaking skills of the ELLs is to make them listen

to music in English and sing along. Music is considered one of the best tools for learning

intonation and pronunciation. When the song is easy to understand, then listening to and

singing songs also help the learners remember the vocabulary and phrases. Moreover, music

helps the learners learn to pronounce English rhythm in a more natural way. Just by imitating

the singer unconsciously, the learners can learn to pronounce phrases the way the native

speakers do. One of the best songs suitable for the EFL/ESL learners is the song "Tom's

Diner" written by Suzanne Vega where everyday scenes and actions are described by using

simple language. Furthermore, movies also seem to be a much better option for the ELLs to

learn speaking skills in English. By watching movies, the learners get the opportunity to learn

listening, pronunciation, vocabulary, idioms, and slang. Since songs and movies develop the

speaking skills of the learners, the EFL/ESL teachers have to introduce this technique in their

classrooms in order to improve the ELLs' speaking skills.

Speaking skills are very important for learners to sustain in this globally competitive

world. Therefore, the English teachers have to introduce a variety of techniques in their

classrooms by selecting simple and useful material that creates more interest and

attentiveness among the ELLs towards learning speaking skills.

In this paper, an attempt has been made to highlight the importance of speaking skills

in English classrooms. First of all, the significance of the basic language skills of English has

been discussed elaborately. Then, the importance of speaking skills in the EFL/ESL

classrooms has been comprehensively explained. Furthermore, the need to teach speaking

skills in the classrooms has been illustrated. Later on, the kinds of speaking situations and the

main advantages of speaking skills have been explained sumptuously. Moreover, some

techniques to develop speaking skills among the EFL/ESL learners in the classrooms have

been thoroughly explained. Finally, the teachers are given some suggestions to improve

speaking skills among the ELLs in the English classrooms. Also, the ELLs are also advised to

follow the guidance of their teachers in order to enhance their speaking skills.

Speaking skills are the most important skills for ELLs as they are very useful for them

in exhibiting their communication skills for various purposes. Hence, the teachers have to

take a special interest in improving the speaking skills of the ELLS. For this purpose, the

teachers have to refer to the latest material related to and try to adopt several techniques and

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Alford Council of International English & Literature Journal(ACIELJ)

Impact Factor:4.401(SJIF) An International Peer-Reviewed English Journal

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Indexed In: Citefactor Indexing and Directory of Research Journal Indexing (DRJI) and Google Scholar

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Alford Council of Interantional English & Literature Journal(ACIELJ) Copyright VS Publications Page 16

approaches to develop the speaking skills of the learners in the English classrooms. The

teachers should also choose appropriate material suitable for the level of the learners.

Moreover, the teachers should encourage the learners to participate in the classroom

discussions where the learners improve their speaking skills tremendously. Also, the learners

have to create situations themselves to speak not only in the classroom but also outside the

classroom. Furthermore, the learners have to follow the instructions of their teachers in

improving their speaking skills. Since the tips given by the teachers benefit the learners, they

have to implement them sincerely to communicate well at all circumstances. Therefore, the

EFL/ESL teachers have to implement different strategies and techniques in their teaching in

order to make their learners proficient in their speaking skills. In this regard, the ELLs have

to put their whole efforts to practice speaking skills and allot more time to such activities in

order to prove themselves in the contemporary world.

References:

Brown, H. D. Language Assessment Principles and Classroom Practices. London:

Pearson Edition, 2004. Print.

Bueno, A., D. Madrid and N. McLaren (eds.). TEFL in Secondary Education.

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____________________________________________________________________

ABOUT THE AUTHOR

The author, Parupalli Srinivas Rao, has a vast experience of teaching English at various

levels. He has been specialized in ELT and has authored 10 books and published several

research papers related to ELT in various international journals. He has attended several

national and international ELT conferences and also presented some papers in them. He has

also attended many webinars.

He has been on the Editorial board for fifteen well-reputed international journals including

American Research Journal of English and Literature, Literary Endeavour, Research Journal

of English (RJOE), ELT Vibes, International Journal for Technological Research in

Engineering (IJTRE), South Asian Academic Research Journals (SAARJ): ACADEMICIA,

Gyan may Pravah: International E-Journal for Research in Multidisciplinary Subject, Alford

Council of International English and Literature Journal (ACIELJ), Trans Asian Research

Journal (TARJ), Research Guru, International Journal of English and Studies (IJOES),

Shanlax International Journal of English, Journal of Medical Science and Clinical Research

(JMSCR), Journal of English Language and Literature (JOELL) and International Research

Journal of Innovations in Engineering and Technology (IRJIET). He has also done several

prestigious projects including a project done for the National Council for Teacher Education

VS Publications

Alford Council of International English & Literature Journal(ACIELJ)

Impact Factor:4.401(SJIF) An International Peer-Reviewed English Journal

www.acielj.com Vol-2,Issue-2 ,2019 ISSN:2581-6500

Indexed In: Citefactor Indexing and Directory of Research Journal Indexing (DRJI) and Google Scholar

___________________________________________________________________________

Alford Council of Interantional English & Literature Journal(ACIELJ) Copyright VS Publications Page 18

(NCTE), Government of India and another one for King Faisal University, Saudi Arabia. He

has attended several in-service training programs in ELT. He has taught English in India, the

Republic of Maldives and the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia for 27 years. At present, he is

working as Lecturer in English at the English Language Centre, King Faisal University,

Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. He is very much interested in research activities and preparing

study material for Undergraduate and Master's Degree courses. He is also a member of

ELTAI, the prestigious organization for English language teachers.

The author did his M. A. (English) from Osmania University in 1991. He also completed his

PG Diploma in Teaching English (PGDTE) from CIEFL / EFL University and later he did B.

Ed., M. Ed. and M. Phil. from Osmania University, Hyderabad. In 1999, he did a PG

Diploma in Functional English from Andhra University. He did Cambridge CELTA in

London in the year 2008. He also completed two onsite ELT courses, namely, Pronunciation

for Language Teachers and Teaching Grammar in Context from the University of Edinburgh,

the UK in 2008. At present, he is pursuing his Ph. D. in ELT.

... I lose my concentration gradually in a long-lasting teaching session (2 hours and a half) through Microsoft Teams. 22 12. My knowledge acquisition deteriorates during 2-hour-a-half online teaching period. ...

... Besides, students' attitudes toward e-learning depend on what they perceive as benefits and drawbacks to this educational method. According to Zabadi and Al-Alawi (2016) [22], factors such as endurance, self-awareness, the facility to use soft wares, the good technological ability to manage time affect attitudes of students toward e-learning, so that attitudes can be positive if the new educational method is suitable for students. On the other hand, Bhatia (2011 cited in Zabadi and Al-Alawi) [22] states that the attitudes can be negative if the students are unable to fit into the new system because they do not have the necessary set of traits. ...

... According to Zabadi and Al-Alawi (2016) [22], factors such as endurance, self-awareness, the facility to use soft wares, the good technological ability to manage time affect attitudes of students toward e-learning, so that attitudes can be positive if the new educational method is suitable for students. On the other hand, Bhatia (2011 cited in Zabadi and Al-Alawi) [22] states that the attitudes can be negative if the students are unable to fit into the new system because they do not have the necessary set of traits. ...

AsiaCALL Online Journal (acoj), Online ISSN 1936-9859, is committed to upholding ethical standards, retracting and correcting errors. The editorial team's primary responsibility is to discourage publishing malpractice. Any type of unethical conduct is unacceptable, and this journal's Editorial Team does not tolerate plagiarism in any form. All manuscripts must be the authors' original work and free of indications of plagiarism.

... In order to make it true, the lecturer of speaking had integrated the material to meet the expectations of the millennium era. So, speaking is the most important skill among all the four language skills in order to communicate well in this global world (Srinivas, 2019) Speaking is the 1st talent to be noninheritable within the method of language production. In parallel, the absence of communication apprehension and also the presence of temperament to speak are the essential stipulations for stringing words together. ...

... In order to improve students' outcomes in speaking, a teacher has an important role to achieve it. The teachers have to understand the problems of the ELLs (English language learners) and try to implement various teaching strategies in their classrooms in order to develop their learners' speaking skills in English classrooms (Srinivas, 2019). ...

... The researchers also added that educators should make an effort to ensure that their teaching plans are successful and that students' learning is relevant by using a diversified and mixed-method approach that appeals to the majority of students' learning styles and preferences. Since English is considered a universal language and is spoken all over the world, it is useful for interacting with people who live in various parts of the world, including different regions, states, nations, and continents (Rao, 2019). ...

... Currently, English is being taught in schools as a second language under the Malaysian education system. As such, the prominence of English has had an impact on the acquisition of speaking skills (Rao, 2019). Speaking English is considered difficult because speakers must be proficient in many aspects: including pronunciation, grammar, vocabulary, fluency, and comprehension. ...

... Many things should be considered in speaking. Speaking involves many things (Pimm, 2019;Rao, 2019;van Vlack, 2019) which includes awareness of register, genre, grammar, vocabulary, and pronunciation (Bigelow & Smith, 2018). Thus, teachers have to find best ways to help students cope with speaking instruction. ...

  • Laila Wati
  • Siti Maysuroh
  • Sri Wahyuni
  • Nurul Hindri

This research aims at finding the effectiveness of Toondoo Comic in teaching speaking at the second semester of Sendratasik Study Program of Hamzanwadi University in the academic year 2018-2019. This research was a pre experiment by using single group pre-test and post-test design. The population of the study was 47 students from A and B classes. The sample of the study was 17 students from class A. It was taken through purposive random sampling. A speaking test was used in collecting the data. The data collected were analyzed by using descriptive statistic, and paired sample t-test was used to test the hypothesis. It was performed using SPSS 22 for Windows. The result shows that the mean in the pre-test was 41.06 and was 60.71 in the post- test. Additionally, the hypothesis testing using paired sample t-test resulted significance (2-tailed) value level .000; it was lower than .05. This indicated that Toondoo comic was significantly effective in teaching speaking. Thus it is suggested that Tondoo comic is considered an alternative media in teaching and learning process.

... Besides, the majority of books connected to higher education are also written in English. (Rao, 2019). Speaking, listening, reading, and writing are the four important skills in English. ...

  • Viola Putri Syafii
  • Ahmad Ridho Rojabi

Grammar is one of the most important aspects as it integrates with four language skills, and it enhances the learners' fluency. However, some students still get difficulty in understanding the grammar patterns and difficulty in composing grammatical sentences. One of the methods that can be implemented in teaching grammar is Video Scribe Sparkol. This study intends to determine whether or not the employment of Video Scribe Sparkol influences students' grammatical skills. This quantitative-experimental research involved the investigation of two classes; experimental and control. The experimental class was given treatment by using Video Scribe Sparkol, while the control class was taught conventionally (without using any media). The experimental class's SPSS data indicated that a pre-test average score was 68.15, and the post-test average score was 83.23. It indicated a highly significant improvement in the experimental class's score. Meanwhile, the average score of the control class's pre-test was 70.96, and their post-test average score was 78.09. As the significance sig. (2 tailed) of the Independent Sample t-test was 0.027 < 0.05, which means that the null hypothesis (H0) is rejected. Thus, there is a significant difference between the average score of the experimental and the control class. The results revealed that Video Scribe has a significant impact on learners' grammar ability, and it can motivate and engage them in grammar activities due to interesting images, animations, and audiovisuals on its features. Thus, further researchers need to investigate the students' motivation toward this method.

... Unlike other skills, speaking skill is more complicated because it involves more than pronouncing words. According to Rao (2019), among the four key language skills, speaking is deemed to be the most important skill in learning a foreign or second language. Masuram and Sripada (2020) stated that by enhancing communication skills, talented students get to exhibit their ideas as well as approaches to spoken English allow them to gain and comprehend information from others, express their perspectives, emotions, viewpoint and to resolve problems and issue. ...

... From all of those, speaking is the most difficult skill to be mastered. English has been really useful for many field including scientific research, education, business, the internet, travel and tourism, media and newspapers, software, medicine, engineering, information and technology, entertainment, banking and etcetera (Rao, 2019). ...

  • Nadhifah Dini Shabrina Nadhifah Dini Shabrina

English is an important language to be learned. As an International language, it has become more widely used on all of life aspects. It is no wondering if it has been included on curriculum of education for all levels. TOEFL (Test of English as Foreign Language) is one of the way that mostly used to improve skills of English. Engineering students are required to be proficient in English, but some engineering students who have been educated in English are not necessarily leaving university as professional users of the English language in all its aspects, namely, reading, writing, listening, and speaking in English (Rintaningrum, R., Aldous, C., & Keeves, J. P. 2017). From all of those, speaking is the most difficult skill to be mastered. English has been really useful for many field including scientific research, education, business, the internet, travel and tourism, media and newspapers, software, medicine, engineering, information and technology, entertainment, banking and etcetera(Rao, 2019).

... The study conducted by Renukadevi (2014) stated, "People gain 45% competence from listening, 30% from speaking, 15% from reading and 10% from speaking". Teaching speaking and listening English is not sufficiently practiced in the classroom as these two skills are not tested in the public examinations (Rao, 2019). Teachers mostly emphasize on examination related items to make the students passable in the examination. ...

  • Abul Kalam Mazumder Abul Kalam Mazumder

English is taught continuously from class I to class XII to develop students' communicative competence in English. English has been taught to the students of Bangladesh applying Communicative Language Teaching (CLT) approach for more than two decades. The study aims at assessing the effectiveness of the application of CLT approach at higher Secondary level. 200 students, 20 teachers from 6 colleges participated in this study. 3 students were also selected for case studies to picture the application process of CLT at higher secondary level. The study applied convenient sampling technique for selecting students and teachers. The study applied mixed method approach in this research. Result reveals that the application of CLT at higher secondary level does not effectively help the students for the further steps of their life. The problem is lying with the teaching methods, classroom practice, teachers and students' perception about CLT and examination system. Incorporation of listening and speaking test in the public examination, modification of teaching trend and change of students and teachers' perception about CLT may make it more effective at higher secondary level.

  • Emily John
  • Melor Md Yunus

The ubiquitous nature of social media (SM) makes it a very essential tool to use in the world of education, especially with the advent of the COVID-19 pandemic which has led to a paradigm shift in the approaches used in the teaching and learning of English language skills. This review focuses on the use of social media as a medium of instruction to aid the acquisition of speaking skills, which many learners find extremely challenging and inhibiting. Thus, this systematic review investigates the integration of social media in the teaching and learning of speaking skills. To ensure the systematic analysis of the selected articles, Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic review and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) 2020 guidelines were utilized. A total of 36 peer-reviewed journal articles from the year 2016 to 2021 were accessed from two databases: ERIC and Google Scholar. Prior to the start of the review, an inclusion and exclusion criteria selection process was conducted to ensure the focus of the review. Overall, the articles reviewed presented the claim that the integration of social media is seen as a positive inclusion for the teaching of speaking skills using various social media applications. Findings reveal that there are improvements in speaking skills, as well as confidence to speak and a decline in speaking anxiety. Teachers and educators can now make use of the various social media platforms such as Telegram, Facebook, WhatsApp, and others to provide learners with more practice that is not only restricted to the classroom but has moved beyond it.

  • Tank-Attapol Khamkhien Tank-Attapol Khamkhien

To successfully assess how language learners enhance their performance and achieve language learning goals, the four macro skills of listening, speaking reading and writing are usually the most frequently assessed and focused areas. However, speaking, as a productive skill, seems intuitively the most important of all the four language skills because it can distinctly show the correctness and language errors that a language learner makes. Since English speaking tests, in general, aim to evaluate how the learners express their improvement and success in pronunciation and communication, several aspects, especially speaking test formats and pronunciation need to be considered. To enhance Thai learners' English performance and the quality of the speaking tests, this paper has three principal objectives. First, this paper presents English language teaching, as well as teaching English speaking in the Thai context. Then, it highlights the significance of the test format as it is the main tool and indicator for scoring performance and analytic rating methods. Lastly, the paper addresses major problems found in the speaking tests to elucidate certain facts about learners' speaking ability and English instruction in the Thai context. Some pedagogical implications of the study are discussed for learning and teaching speaking to second or foreign language learners.

Teaching Oral Communication in Grades K-8. Boston: Allyn & Bacon, 1998. Print.  Iqbal, J. Four language skills

  • A L Chaney
  • T L Burk

 Chaney, A. L., & T. L. Burk. Teaching Oral Communication in Grades K-8. Boston: Allyn & Bacon, 1998. Print.  Iqbal, J. Four language skills. Retrieved from http//:writing.colostate.edu/guides/teaching/es, 2012. Online.  Harmer, J.The Practice of English Language Teaching. 4th ed. London: Longman, 2007. Print.

Never Work Harder than your Students

  • R R Jackson

 Jackson, R. R. Never Work Harder than your Students. Alexandria, Virginia: USA, 2009. Print.